Labor induction is the medical term for stimulating the onset of labor. A “successful” induction is considered to be one that leads to vaginal delivery. A common question we hear from pregnant patients is whether labor induction will increase the chance of having a Cesarean section delivery (C-section).
The short answer? It depends. The relationship between labor induction and an increased chance of having a C-section delivery is complex and involves various factors–including whether you have given birth before and whether your pregnancy is complicated by things that already increase your chance of having a C-section.
It’s true–we typically want to wait for labor to occur naturally–but sometimes the benefits of delivering the baby sooner (by any method) outweigh the risks of continuing a pregnancy. It’s important to discuss your specific situation with your provider to better understand these risks and benefits and their relationship to any increased risk of C-section for you. When it comes to C-section risks, here are some of the things you might discuss:
- Medical indications. If your provider recommends labor induction for a valid medical reason, such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes or fetal distress, the underlying condition might already increase the likelihood of a C-section.
- Cervical readiness. As you get closer to your due date, the cervix begins changing to prepare for labor and delivery. Those changes include dilation (opening), effacement (shortening), consistency and position. A less ready cervix may increase the chances of a C-section with induction–but there are also things your provider can recommend prior to induction to improve your cervical readiness.
- Fetal position and size: The baby’s position in the birth canal and size can impact the success of induction. An unfavorable fetal position or a large baby can increase the likelihood of a C-section.
- Induction methods and individual response: Different methods can be used for labor induction, and the choice of method can affect the risk of a C-section. Your healthcare provider will select the most appropriate method for your situation–but it’s important to remember that people can respond differently. If your induction doesn’t bring on labor, you may be given the option to go home. If your amniotic sac has ruptured or there are concerns for you or your baby, your provider may recommend a C-section delivery.
When it comes to the health of you or your baby, the benefits of labor induction may outweigh any increased risk of C-section. In the end, our goal is the same as yours – healthy parent, healthy baby.
